Canestrato Pugliese: A Tradition of Artisanal Cheese from Puglia

Canestrato Pugliese is a distinguished cheese from the Puglia region in southern Italy, renowned for its rich history, unique production process, and deep connection to the region’s pastoral traditions. This hard cheese is made exclusively from the milk of sheep that graze on the lush, herbaceous pastures of the Alta Murgia plateau, a landscape that contributes to the distinct character of the cheese. The area is home to a variety of native plants, which impart their aromatic qualities to the sheep’s milk, resulting in a complex and nuanced flavor. The cheese is a testament to the unique relationship between the land, animals, and artisanal craftsmanship of Puglia.

The name “Canestrato” derives from the traditional reed baskets, or “canestre,” used during the aging process. These baskets leave a characteristic imprint on the cheese’s rind, giving it a rustic, textured appearance. The use of these baskets is more than a practical measure; it ties the production process to ancient methods of cheese-making that have been passed down through generations. This artisanal technique ensures that each wheel of Canestrato Pugliese maintains its authenticity and heritage, preserving the flavor and texture that have made the cheese so revered.

The production of Canestrato Pugliese is seasonal, typically occurring between December and May, when the sheep’s milk is at its richest and most flavorful. The cheese undergoes partial cooking during the early stages of production and is then aged for different lengths of time, producing two primary varieties: “fresco” and “stagionato.” The fresh version, “fresco,” has a mild, creamy taste with a softer texture, while the “stagionato” version, aged for longer periods, boasts a more intense, tangy flavor and a firm, crumbly texture. This aging process enhances the cheese’s savory notes and makes it a versatile ingredient in many regional dishes.

Canestrato Pugliese holds the prestigious Denominazione di Origine Protetta (DOP) status, which guarantees its origin and quality. This designation protects the cheese from imitation, ensuring that only products made according to strict traditional methods within the defined geographic area can bear the name. Despite its limited production, Canestrato Pugliese is a cherished culinary gem in Italy, often grated over pasta dishes or enjoyed on its own. Its distinct taste and rich cultural heritage make it a symbol of Puglia’s agricultural excellence.
Canestrato Pugliese: A Tradition of Artisanal Cheese from Puglia